Updated: 08 February 2024
Write lines of text to file, with alternating line-ending type: CRLF, LF then finally LF. Use hexdump to verify the result
echo -n -e \\x61\\x0d\\x0a\\x62\\x0a\\x63\\x0a > file
cat file
hexdump --canonical file
Output
a
b
c
00000000 61 0d 0a 62 0a 63 0a |a..b.c.|
00000007
Vim displays CR as ^M
\r\n DOS / Windows – carriage return + line feed.
CRLF DOS / Windows – carriage return + line feed.
0d 0a output of hexdump -C
0xD 0xA alternatively
\n Unix – line feed.
LF Unix – line feed.
0a output of hexdump -C
0xA alternatively
dos2unix
A program that converts plain text files in DOS/MAC format to UNIX format.
Recursively find all files in current directory and run dos2unix on each
find . -type f -exec dos2unix {} \;unix2dos
A program that converts text files in UNIX format to DOS format.
Convert and replace a.txt. Convert and replace b.txt.
unix2dos a.txt b.txt